Copper is one of the most ancient elements known to man. Early folk medicine practitioners used copper compounds to promote joint health. Copper is a component of many important enzymes and is involved in one way or another in multiple physiological functions in mammals. Copper, in concert with other substances, is needed to form bone, elastin, and myelin tissues, as well as red and white blood cells, and hemoglobin. Copper is necessary for metabolizing cholesterol, producing energy, and keeping nerves and joints healthy. Once copper is digested in the stomach and the first part of the small intestine, it travels to the liver where it is absorbed for use and combined with proteins to carry out various metabolic functions. When an excess is taken, small amounts are stored and the rest is excreted either in the bile or the feces. Copper deficiencies can originate from poor diet or some disease or condition that interferes with copper absorption in the body.*