| accessory |
cranial root: medulla - nucleus ambiguus; spinal root: spinal nucleus
of the upper cervical spinal cord |
no named branches |
GSE: sternocleidomastoid and trapezius mm. |
none |
also known as: CN XI, 11th cranial nerve; spinal root enters cranial
cavity by passing through the foramen magnum; exits skull by passing
through the jugular foramen; accessory n. is motor only; the subtrapezial
plexus of nerves receives proprioceptive fibers: for the
sternocleidomastoid m. from the ventral primary rami of spinal nn. C2 and
C3 - for trapezius via ventral primary rami of C3 and C4 |
| cluneal, inferior |
posterior femoral cutaneous n. |
no named branches |
none |
skin of the lower part of the buttock |
"clunis" is a Latin word meaning buttock |
| cluneal, middle |
lateral cutaneous branches of the dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves
S1-3 |
no named branches |
none |
skin of the intermediate medial portion of the buttock |
"clunis" is a Latin word meaning buttock |
| cluneal, superior |
lateral cutaneous branches of the dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves
S1-3 |
no named branches |
none |
skin of the superomedial portion of the buttock |
"clunis" is a Latin word meaning buttock |
| coccygeal plexus |
ventral primary rami of spinal nerves S4, S5, C1 |
anococcygeal n. |
none |
skin of the region overlying the coccyx |
only part of the S4 ventral primary ramus is contributed to the
coccygeal plexus |
| dorsal primary ramus |
first branch off of the dorsal side of the spinal nerve |
numerous |
to the deep back mm.; sympathetic innervation to the skin |
general sense (touch, pressure, pain, heat, cold, etc.) to the skin of
the back |
a mixed nerve containing both motor and sensory fibers |
| dorsal root |
from the dorsal horn of the spinal cord to the spinal nerve |
none |
none |
general sense (touch, pressure, pain, heat, cold, etc.) |
dorsal root is entirely sensory in function; it is located dorsal to
the denticulate ligament |
| dorsal root ganglion |
dorsal rootlets |
dorsal rootlets |
none |
one dermatome |
a sensory ganglion; located in the intervertebral foramen of the
vertebral column on the dorsal root - one per spinal nerve; location of
the cell bodies of somatic afferent (sensory) neurons |
| dorsal scapular n. |
brachial plexus (br. of C5 ventral primary ramus) |
no named branches |
rhomboideus major and minor mm.; levator scapulae m. |
none |
dorsal scapular n. passes through the scalenus medius m. |
| intercostal n. |
ventral primary rami of spinal nerves T1-T11 |
lateral & anterior cutaneous brs. |
intercostal muscles; abdominal wall muscles (via T7-T11); muscles of
the forearm and hand (via T1) |
skin of the chest and abdomen anterolaterally; skin of the medial side
of the upper limb (via T1-T2) |
intercostal n.travels below the posterior intercostal a. in the costal
groove |
| occipital, greater |
dorsal primary ramus of spinal nerve C2 (medial br.) |
no named branches |
posterior neck muscles |
skin of the posterior surface of the scalp |
muscles innervated by this nerve develop from epimeres in the embryo |
| occipital, lesser |
ventral primary ramus of spinal nerve C2 |
no named branches |
none |
skin behind the ear |
lesser occipital n. arises from the cervical plexus |
| occipitalis tertius |
dorsal primary ramus of spinal nerve C3 (medial br.) |
no named branches |
posterior neck muscles |
skin of the posterior surface of the neck |
muscles innervated by this nerve develop from epimeres in the embryo |
| ramus, dorsal primary |
first branch off of the dorsal side of the spinal nerve |
numerous |
to the deep back mm.; sympathetic innervation to the skin |
general sense (touch, pressure, pain, heat, cold, etc.) to the skin of
the back |
a mixed nerve containing both motor and sensory fibers |
| ramus, ventral primary |
first branch off of the ventral side of the spinal nerve |
numerous |
to skeletal mm. of the neck, trunk and extremities; sympathetic
innervation to the skin |
general sense (touch, pressure, pain, heat, cold, etc.) to the skin of
the trunk (except the back) and extremities; visceral pain via the white
rami of the sympathetic nervous system (T1-L2) |
a mixed nerve containing both motor and sensory fibers |
| root, dorsal |
from the dorsal horn of the spinal cord to the spinal nerve |
none |
none |
general sense (touch, pressure, pain, heat, cold, etc.) |
dorsal root is entirely sensory in function; it is located dorsal to
the denticulate ligament |
| root, ventral |
from the ventral horn of the spinal cord to the spinal nerve |
none |
to skeletal mm.; preganglionic sympathetic (T1-L2) |
none |
entirely motor in function; located ventral to the denticulate
ligament; at all spinal core levels it contains GSE for skeletal mm.; at
levels T1-L2 it contains GVE (preganglionic sympathetic) for blood
vessels, sweat glands, thoracic viscera, abdominal viscera, pelvic viscera |
| spinal n. |
formed at the point where the dorsal and ventral rootlets meet; it
ends where the dorsal and ventral primary rami diverge |
dorsal primary ramus; ventral primary ramus |
to skeletal mm.; some levels carry preganglionic sympathetic axons
(T1-L2) |
general sense (touch, pressure, pain, heat, cold, etc.) from the
entire surface of the neck, trunk and extremities; visceral pain (via the
white ramus communicans and the sympathetic nervous system) |
located at the intervertebral foramen; there are 31 pairs of spinal
nerves - 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal |
| ventral primary ramus |
first branch off of the ventral side of the spinal nerve |
numerous |
to skeletal mm. of the neck, trunk and extremities; sympathetic
innervation to the skin |
general sense (touch, pressure, pain, heat, cold, etc.) to the skin of
the trunk (except the back) and extremities; visceral pain via the white
rami of the sympathetic nervous system (T1-L2) |
a mixed nerve containing both motor and sensory fibers |
| ventral root |
from the ventral horn of the spinal cord to the spinal nerve |
none |
to skeletal mm.; preganglionic sympathetic (T1-L2) |
none |
entirely motor in function; located ventral to the denticulate
ligament; at all spinal core levels it contains GSE for skeletal mm.; at
levels T1-L2 it contains GVE (preganglionic sympathetic) for blood
vessels, sweat glands, thoracic viscera, abdominal viscera, pelvic viscera |
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